Mapping provides many types of information essential both in exploration for new mineral deposits and during subsequent mining. Mapping gathers structural information, including attitudes of the vein and faults that can be used to help predict the geology in the subsurface or laterally, and improves the utility of geophysical data for refinement of subsurface targets. Mapping of the mineralogy of hydrothermal alteration zone, ore minerals, igneous rocks hosting ores, oxidized and leached rocks that normally occur at the surface which is above sulfide-baring ores can be used in conjunction with geochemical data to produce zonation patterns to target potential ore or to define prospective corridors of mineralization.